Philip’s life, in the world of Fyodor, was full of events. His father was the teacher of the Uglich prince. The young man was prepared for military service, but he was drawn to prayer and Holy Scripture. Although Fedor served the young prince Ivan (Grozny), he did not forget about fasting, prayers and visiting the temple. One day, already thirty-year-old Fedor, went to the temple to pray and heard a voice: “You cannot serve two masters.” He left the service and left Moscow. His way was to the north, to the Solovki. There he served as a novice, and then took tonsure under the name Philip. After 8 years he was elected abbot.
He was elected metropolitan in 1566, although he disagreed for a long time. He was an opponent of oprichnina and made it a condition of his election to abolish it. But the tsar managed to convince the abbot and the agreement even stipulated that the metropolitan “do not touch the affairs of the oprich”.
But in 1568, Grozny began a new wave of repression. Philip first tried to instruct the king in private conversations. The king refused to meet him. Then the metropolitan began to publicly denounce the tsar. It ended badly. Grozny lost his temper and began to torture and execute everyone in a row. The metropolitan left the Kremlin and settled in the monastery.
The love of Philip among the people was so great that the king did not dare to touch him for a long time. He decided to subject the metropolitan to church court. During the trial, Philip voluntarily resigned. The court had to deprive him of the rank of “follow-up”.
Philip’s feet were put on pads, his hands — shackles. He was exiled to a remote monastery in the Tver lands.
But Ivan was a controversial figure. Starting a campaign to Novgorod, he sent Malyut Skuratov to ask Philip to bless the campaign. Having been refused, Malyuta strangled the former metropolitan.
In 1591, Philip’s relics were transferred to Solovki. They were placed in the temple of Zosimas and Savvatius. At the same time, they made up the first life.
In 1652, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered the remains to be transferred to Moscow. Metropolitan Nikon of Novgorod went to Solovki, put relics in cancer and took them slowly to Moscow. Part of the relics of the saint remained in the Assumption Monastery. On the way, the procession gathered crowds of people who wanted to worship the relics. It took me over a month.
On July 16, the procession arrived in Moscow. She was greeted with a procession. The king himself went to the meeting.
The relics were put in silver crayfish. They were handed over to the Assumption Council.
At the meeting place of the relics was built the first church in the name of St. Philip.
Remembrance days
November 1
July 14 (transitional)
October 18
June 3
22 August
July 16 (transitional)
July 16
22 January
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